Difficulties and Challenges in Entrepreneurship

Difficulties and Challenges in Entrepreneurship Evidence suggests that small business stands a significantly higher chance of failure than a large business yet many small businesses survive and some dont. These gaps have been discovered that hinders the success of small firms in entrepreneurship, economies of scale, human capital implementation, limited resources, geographical location, and management skills. We operate in an increasingly global economy, which is highly competitive. Hence the importance of superlative management skill should be devised. It is highly crucial in ensuring that small businesses not only survive but grow in the quality of management, hence lacking key management services could limit the success of small business. The purpose of this literature review is to explain and critically analyse the work that has been reported on problems and challenges faced in entrepreneurship. Having identified these gaps I have established my topic, identifying the problem small business face in entrepreneurship. Identifying the key terms of the literature terminology is crucial as it includes the dependent variable and independent variables. RESEARCH QUESTIONS Why do small businesses encounter so many difficulties at start up point? What are the major problems influencing small firms in entrepreneurship? Is it relevant to acquire entrepreneurship skills before venturing into small business? RESEARCH OBJECTIVES To collect a variety of entrepreneurial ideas related to entrepreneurial opportunities via various techniques. To distinguish the importance of planning and give examples of how planning can surmount problems. To analyze obstacles and explain how these obstacles may impede creative thinking and generation of new ideas. INTRODUCTION According to Paula McCoy Pinderhughes, an entrepreneur is a person who visualizes or possesses a burning desire to make a change through hard work, dedication and determination, knowing that it will satisfy their ultimate personal and business objectives. To one businessman, an entrepreneur appears as a threat, an aggressive competitor, whereas to another businessman the same entrepreneur may be an ally, a source of supply, a customer, or someone who creates wealth for others, as well as finds better ways to utilize resources, reduce waste, and produce jobs others are glad to get (Hisrich Peters, 2002). The word entrepreneur is defined as a person who has possession of a new enterprise, venture or idea and assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome. The term is originally a loanword from French and was first defined by the Irish economist Richard Cantillon. (Bill Bolton and John Thompson (2004; 14) A literature search for a suitable meaning of an entrepreneur designates that it is rather easier to explain the worth of an entrepreneur. But it is hard to accurately identify who is an entrepreneur. A number of definitions are indicated in the literature. According to an article by Mona Abdulla (2009) states that typically, entrepreneurship means a business is being created with the express goal of fetching larger through an aggressive growth schedule. Entrepreneurship is a corporate development. This is the major challenge to any new business. Consumers are cautious about trying new goods and services. Most items being purchased today is frequently based on identified brand names and using familiar purchasing patterns. Apparently, it is easier for customers to procure the items or brand that they have used. Considerably, a new business must ensure that its target market are pleased with the brand, proper marketing strategy has to be taken for consumers to embrace a new product. This problem is sensitive to the immense amount of marketing clutter that most organization encounters. Getting rid of clutter is most especially difficult for new firms with limited budgets set aside for marketing and promotion strategy. Traditional methods o f advertising and consumer promotions may not be enough to get recognized. Company leaders must be sure to deliver on promises and provide a high quality experience especially on the customers first purchase, as bad experience often lead to fall in business. THE PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES Entrepreneurs have become one of the most active forces in the market, which is itself driving much of the worlds economic growth. This makes entrepreneurs very important from a macro-economic perspective. As the globalism of business becomes even more extensive, this impact will be felt. Entrepreneurs are already becoming a major force in developing nations and the economy worldwide. The process of redefinition is an essential component of a companys strategic renewal and therefore constitutes an important aspect of entrepreneurship (Guth and Ginsberg, 1990). It is through leadership strategies that the entrepreneur helps to facilitate the reflection of excellence (cornesky et al., 1990: 58-59; peter and Austin, 1985: 5-6) Todays entrepreneurial leader requires new people who does not depend on organizational superiority and subordinate theses contemporary leaders helps to create enhanced capacity in their people, who in turn become the steward of all organizational stakeholders (Mc lagan and Nel, 1995: 46-47) The scope of what entrepreneurship involves will continue to change and evolve, and yet there are some regular issues of how to start, finance and run a business. Companies that go internationally face the foremost challenge of integrating various types of acquaintance so that the organization as a whole can benefit (Zahra et al., 2000a). One ordinary factor for all entrepreneurs is the test of starting a business, searching for an innovative idea, passing the right prospect to venture into a business. Entirely entails organizing all the aspects so that the entrepreneur can maximise his or her goals. Most entrepreneurs also face problems financing their entrepreneurial project, as well hurdles within corporate rules. Except if one single handled the venture, getting money is a challenge that requires prepares funds proposals for loans and many more. We have so much in turn written on this phase of an entrepreneurial that implementing the very best would b e more of an advantage well as challenging. IMPLEMENTATION STAGE All said and done, passing this face ups and challenges, ordinarily one should expect to have smooth glide. Given the business has a good plan; the venture should carry on with less glitches, the execution process seems to be the real craft-or-crack point of an entrepreneurial venture. There are proposition that part of the problem is that ideal people for this process, Perhaps, there are wide varieties of skills needed at this stage, that an individual can not dwell on all of the skills. Alternatively, for entrepreneurs to be successful, identifying the key factors of their field would be very necessary, as they can easily get subcontractors who can fill the missing gaps. Perhaps looking at what different skills that can get a business started would be necessary. Such skills includes, marketing, workers, publicity, sales, communications, public relations, human resource, legal needs, government regulations, crisis management, risk management, natural disaster planning, insurance, te chnology, and the financial aspects of the organization accounts, bookkeeping, paying taxes, managing debt, and so on. One should take into consideration that without a strong technical foundation, the business cant be successful, an above all, the conceptual aspect of organization, are leadership, growth philosophy, ethics, and most importantly the exit strategy of the any organization. These are issues that we tend to overlook, yet it set the whole subject and direction that any business will take. CRITICAL CHALLENGES There are types of businesses that can be started on a small budget; one will need access to capital to fund the business, where the money comes from is less important, but the most important thing, is a need to be realistic about startup costs and being able to manage the funds well. Developing a, realistic, thorough and honest financial plan will help to avoid this mistake. New entrepreneurs often underestimate the length of time it takes for a business to become profitable and the amount of money they will need to invest in the business before its profitable. Employees responsibilities are limited to a narrow job description. According to Gupta and Govindarajan (1991), superior levels of awareness flows have serious implications for a companys control systems. Knowledge that is vital to sustaining and promoting entrepreneurship includes both expertise and market-based knowledge (Gupta and Govindarajan, 1991). However, at the start of a business, the entrepreneur becomes responsibl e for everything from exploration to development process as well as to product delivery to detailed account. This implies that there are field that will be beyond the owners area of expertise. Reckon upon the range of the business, it is possible that the organization does not have the ability to handle different responsibilities due to incompetent staff. It is important to be honest about your own limitations for the success of the company, seek out expert advice in such fields and the support of achiever in entrepreneurship. An entrepreneur does work harder for him/herself most precisely than you would ever work for any one. Building a successful business requires a large investment of your time. It will be important to schedule specific work hours. Setting goals can also help you to stay on track. To overcome these problems. It is important to remember that customers are interested in benefits as opposed to product or service features, and doing all you can do to stay on track would be the most to keep your business. JUSTIFICATION OF LITERATURE CONCLUSION How is an entrepreneur to deal with all this overload of challenges? To meet these challenges, subsidiary executives should also demonstrate higher levels of lenience for indistinctness (Gupta and Govindarajan, 1991). It is nice to know that there are resources one can count on such as, training programs, discussion groups, educational resources, professional associations, and publications to turn to for advice and support at all times.

The Character of Laertes in Hamlet Essay -- GCSE English Literature Cou

The Character of Laertes in Hamlet In Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, the character of Laertes is introduced as the son of Polonius. Â  Laertes is immediately established as a favorite with the King. Clouds refers to the young man five times by name and immediately grants him permission to return to his studies in Paris, if he has his father's permission. Thus we are prepared for their later treacherous alliance. In this scene too Laertes' relationship with his father is visually established by both appearing on stage together, although they do not address each other. A contrast is also established in this scene between Laertes and Prince Hamlet. One enjoys the King's favor and is readily given permission to resume his studies in Paris; the other does not and is not allowed to resume his studies in Wittenberg. This situational contrast will later be developed into a moral one. On his second, and final, appearance before he departs, Laertes offers his sister Ophelia moral advice about her relationship with Hamlet. He speaks cynically about the 'trifling of his favor', something that will not last 'A violet in the youth of primy nature, Forward, not permanent, sweet, not lasting, The perfume and suppliance of a minute, No more.' He also suggests that even if Hamlet does really love her, as heir to the throne of Denmark he is not free to choose his own wife. Finally he warns her not to surrender her virginity to his 'unmaster'd importunity'. Laertes' concern here seems to be not with his sister's feelings but with her honour (reputation) and by implication, that of the family. Ophelia's spirited response 'But good my brother, Do not as some ungracious pastors do, Show me the steep and thorny way to heave... ...mode, Frank. "Hamlet." The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974. Mack, Maynard. "The World of Hamlet." Yale Review. vol. 41 (1952) p. 502-23. Rpt. in Shakespeare: Modern Essays in Criticism. Rev. ed. Ed. Leonard F. Dean. New York: Oxford University P., 1967. Rosenberg, Marvin. "Laertes: An Impulsive but Earnest Young Aristocrat." Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Masks of Hamlet. Newark, NJ: Univ. of Delaware P., 1992. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1907-21; New York: Bartleby.com, 2000 http://www.bartleby.com/215/0816.html

How Antagonists Effect a Story Essay

In the movie Dark Knight Rises, the antagonist was Bane. Bane’s motives were to wreck and destroy the plans of the protagonist, Batman. Likewise, the antagonist in the book To Kill a Mockingbird, Bob Ewell displayed similar characteristics that were against the protagonist, Scout Finch. In the case of the Shakespearean play Midsummer Night’s Dream, the antagonist is not clear since the play is fully based on confusion and accidents. However, the closest thing being the antagonist is love since it causes the characters in the play to act erratic, foolish and fickle. All the antagonists strived for one similar goal; to ruin the plans of the protagonists. In Dark Knight Rises, Bane displayed his antagonistic character by wreaking havoc in the city of Gotham which is contrary to what Batman would do. â€Å"When Gotham is ashes, then you have my permission to die. â€Å"- Bane to batman after initially defeating him explaining why he does not kill him. This line states Bane’s plan for Gotham and Batman. It also proves that Bane is the antagonist. This also display’s Bane’s yearning for power. By defeating Batman, he expects to establish his rule over Gotham. â€Å"Oh, you think the darkness is your ally. But you merely adopted the dark; I was born in it, moulded by it, I didn’t see the light until I was already a man, by then it was nothing to me but BLINDING! â€Å"- Bane to Batman during their first bout. This quote explains how Bane thinks he can defeat batman and prevail. It also displays a key quality of an antagonist which is confidence. Bane’s behavior and actions in the movie affects the plot in a huge way. It calls upon Gotham’s fate into question whether if Gotham city will survive or not. Therefore, this adds a dramatic suspense to the plot and raises its climax. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Bob Ewell displayed his antagonistic character by going against the verdict at Tom Robinson’s trial, someone who he claims, raped his daughter, Mayella Ewell. After Bob lost the case after being confronted by Atticus of clear evidence that he was lying, he attacked Atticus’ children Scout and Jem. This show’s Bob’s need for revenge and his hatred towards Atticus. He also treats mostly all the characters in the book in an offensive manner and he is hated by everyone. â€Å"I seen that black nigger yonder ruttin’ on my Mayella! † (17. 84). This quote proves his persistence in proving the point that Tom Robinson (whom he refers to as ‘nigger’) raped Mayella. Persistence is also a preserved quality in an antagonist. â€Å"You don’t have to touch her, all you have to do is make her afraid, an’ if assault ain’t enough to keep you locked up awhile, I’ll get you in on the Ladies’ Law, so get outa my sight! If you don’t think I mean it, just bother that girl again! † (27. 8, 12). This quote which was pointed against Helen Robinson, shows that Bob Ewell is a power seeking person. By scaring Helen, he is declaring his power over her. Bob has a major effect on the plot of this story, not only he is raising suspense, but he is also the leading cause for hatred in the story. Had not Bob befit this role in the plot, the story would have not reached its climax. In the Shakespearean play Midsummer Night’s Dream, the antagonist is not clearly depicted since it is a comedy. However, there seems to be a great deal of actions of foolishness and fickleness among the characters. This is caused by love. When Hermia fell in love with Lysander, Demetrius who was betrothed to marry Hermia, objected to their love. However, another maiden named Helena was in love with Demetrius. This displays a trail which love creates. In other words, a confusion on who loves who. To further eradicate this confusion, the flower’s juice which was placed on Lysander and Demetrius turned the situation around. The lovers switched their hearts to Helena. Therefore causing a huge mishap. Love has a huge effect on the plot. It caused hatred and violence therefore adding to the suspense and the climax. It was also persistent which resulted in the characters’ firm actions. In Conclusion, the antagonists in all three pieces had the following similar characteristics: Persistence, Power hunger and hatred. However, all the antagonists strived towards one specific goal that is to eliminate the protagonist. All three antagonists had similar effects towards the plot and therefore raising the climax.

Story of Nature Desire The Storm by Kate Chopin - 1288 Words

Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Storm†: Story of Nature Desire Naturalism is about bringing humans into the â€Å"natural world†. We, as humans, are seen as aspects of nature collectively not separate like they once were. â€Å"Naturalism holds that everything we are and do is connected to the rest of the world and derived from conditions that precede us and surround us. Each of us is an unfolding natural process, and every aspect of that process is caused, and is a cause itself † (â€Å"A Guide for Naturalism†). Humans are like â€Å"animals† they contain the same drives that animals have. They are just plain â€Å"natural†. Many authors express naturalism in their writings such as Kate Chopin. She expresses a naturalistic view on sexual drives which classify her as a†¦show more content†¦The main focus of this short story is desire. The desire shown by both Calixta and Alcà ©e for each other is obvious. Many people during the time this short story was written would look at it as being â€Å"dirty† or filthy. They would look at the affair as being dishonest and unlawful; similar to the way that some of us today. However, the way Chopin expresses the affair is not at all a sense of guilty. She presences it as if it was something that happens often and that it is a natural thing that humans do. Sexual desire is a natural aspect of people’s lives. Even though she is a strong feminist, she does not limit these sexual desires to just the female character, Calixta. She also dives deep into the desires of a man as well. â€Å"Both males and females, she seems to tell us, are complex creatures whom have no choice but to discover their passion, in spite of risks, confusion, and guilt. (Bloom 81)†. According to Per Seyersted, â€Å"sex in this story is a force as strong, inevitable, and natural as the Louisiana storm which ignites it† (Koloski 145). She observes sex as being a natural thing that cannot be avoided in or outside of wedlock (Koloski 147). She writes as if this affair was unavoidable to the drives between the two characters. In this story, Seyersted says, Kate Chopin was not interested in the immoral in itself, but in life as it comes, in what she saw as natural--or certainly inevitable--expressions ofShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin886 Words   |  4 Pages In Kate Chopin â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, the reader is presented with the theme of prohibited independence. In Kate Chopin â€Å"The Storm†, the scenery in this story builds the perfect atmosphere for an adulterous affair. The importance of these stories is to understand the era they occurred. Kate Chopin wrote stories with exceptional openness about sexual desires. In â€Å"The Storm†, a short story written by Kate Chopin in a time when women were expected to act a certain way and sexual cravings was consideredRead MoreFeminity and Sexual Desires in The Storm by Kate Chopin704 Words   |  3 Pages The Storm is a story Written by Kate Chopin. The time at which the story was set is in the 19th century. The story was set in Louisiana and in real sense, Louisiana is a place that is best known for violent storms. The story is about is a confrontation of the theme of femininity and complexities of the married people in the storm. The storm is used throughout the story, and it only ends after the characters, Alcee and Calixta’s sexual encounter, which brings out the theme of femininity, and sexualRead MoreThe Storm By Kate Chopin Essay1508 Words   |  7 Pages Kate Chopin was an American author who wrote the short story â€Å"The Storm†. It takes place somewhere down in Louisiana at a general store and at the house of Calixta, Bobinot who is the wife of Calixta, and their son Bibi. The other character in the story is the friend of Calixta, Alcee Laballiere. The story begins with Bobinot and Bibi in the general store to buy a can of shrimp; meanwhile, at home, Calixt a is at home doing chores when a storm develops, which makes her worry about Bobinot and BibiRead MoreLeo Haines. Professor Capozzi. Research Paper. April 29,1518 Words   |  7 PagesApril 29, 2017 Kate Chopin Kate Chopin was a famous author of short stories and articles. Kate was born on February 8, 1850, in St. Louis Missouri, and she grew up speaking English and French. After her husband has passed in 1882, and that is when her writing career launched. In most of her novels and stories her characters are bilingual, also known as fluent in two languages. Kate Chopin using the theme of feminism in her stories, â€Å"The Awakening†, â€Å"The Storm†, and â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† whereRead MoreAnalysis Of Kate Chopin s The Storm 915 Words   |  4 PagesSeptember 30, 2015 Analysis of Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Storm† â€Å"The Storm† by Kate Chopin is a story of passion and desire where morality has no home when it comes to love, sex, and marriage. â€Å"The Storm† as the title implies, tells a story about Calixta a married woman who has an affair with Alcee, a former beau who is also married. As the storm approaches so does Alcee riding upon his horse and he asks â€Å"May I come in and wait on your gallery till the storm is over, Calixta?† (Chopin , pg 121). She allows himRead More Comparison of Ripe Figs, The Story of an Hour, and The Storm by Kate Chopin1074 Words   |  5 PagesComparison of Ripe Figs, The Story of an Hour, and The Storm by Kate Chopin In the three short works, Ripe Figs, The Story of an Hour, and The Storm, Kate Chopin has woven into each an element of nature over which no one has control. She uses short time spans to heighten impact and bring her stories to quick conclusions. She displays attitudes in her characters in two of her stories which may have been very controversial at the time they were written. Ripe Figs is the shorter ofRead MoreThe Storm by Kate Chopin1332 Words   |  6 Pagesnoticed about Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Storm,† is that it is utterly dripping with sexual imagery and symbolism. Our heroine, if you will, seems to be a woman with normally restrained passions and a well-defined sense of propriety, who finds herself in a situation that tears down her restraint and reveals the vixen within. I wonder if it was intentional that the name Calixta makes me think of Calypso – the nymph from Greek mythology. If half of the sexual symbolism I found in this story was intentiona lRead MoreThe Storm by Kate Chopin1238 Words   |  5 PagesKate Chopin is writing so many great stories about whatever she sees. Kate has many Wonderful stories such as, (The Storm, Desiree’s Baby, A Pair of Silk Stocking, A Respectable Woman, and The Story of an Hour). There is one story in particular that catches my mind which is â€Å"The Storm†. 0In Kate chopins era, women are seen as nothing more than a wife and have to stay with their husband for life. Chopin shows a dramatic scene between Alcee and Calixta during the time of a storm that is passing byRead MoreEssay on Marriage According to Kate Chopin868 Words   |  4 Pages Kate Chopin is an experienced short story writer from the beginning of the 1900s, who was ahead of her time due to her amazing ability to take such complex characters that are easy to identify with and create amazing short stories in such a small amount of space. Marriage is a common theme in her stories, because a wife was a defining role in womens lives back then. The only thing is, marriage is not always shown to be flowery and romantic like writings before her. She looked at the painfullyRead MoreThe Storm780 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin#8217;s short story #8220;The Storm#8221; describes an encounter of infidelity between two lovers during a brief thunderstorm. The story alludes to the controversial topic of women#8217;s sexuality and passion, which during Chopin#8217;s time no one spoke about much less wrote about. So controversial was #8220;The Storm,#8221; that it was not published until after her death in eighteen ninety-nine. The story is broken up into five sectio ns, each filled with small clues and hints

Edgar Allan Poe s Tales Of Mystery And Horror - 2549 Words

The Raven Explained Mrs Rozman Troy Hedden ENG 4U June 8 2015 Born January 19, 1809, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. American short-story writer, poet, critic, and editor Edgar Allan Poe s tales of mystery and horror initiated the modern detective story, and the atmosphere in his tales of horror is unrivaled in American fiction. His The Raven (1845) numbers among the best-known poems in national literature, The name Poe brings to mind images of murderers as well as madmen, burials of the premature kind, and mysterious women who have return from death . His works have been in print since early 1827 and included such classics as â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† â€Å"The Raven,† and â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher.† This writer’s queue includes short†¦show more content†¦Romanticism in literature was a rejection of many of the values movements such as the Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution held as paramount. For Poe and the writing of the raven was none out of the ordinary for himself as most wo rks that he had produced at the time had a dark theme usually revolving around the death of a loved one as well as never seeing them again. Throughout his life, Poe faced problems of failed honor and insanity—issues that paradoxically help to account for a literary authority that established precedents and patterns of literature in his home region—and even beyond the South itself. Whether fully conscious of his aims, Poe found ways to deal imaginatively with the inexpressible, the horrors that the mind can conjure, and the dark side of experience—without revealing any more of the inner torture than he wished to convey to his readership. â€Å" (http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/) what the meaning of this is that Poes life was quite hard and this reflected on how he wrote as well as how he felt of the time that he had lived in.in two of his other works The Fall of the House of Usher and The Tell-Tale Heart some of Poes more dark and dreary stories often posses sed a theme of death and sadness that evoked him in his

Chinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay - 1319 Words

Ivan Rozhkov Mrs. Ruffner Honors English 9 11-21-16 A person does not obtain strength with an easy and perfect past. Experiences of hardships are the things in life that force a person to change in order to survive. In Chinua Achebe’s novel Things Fall Apart, this especially applies to one character - Okonkwo. In the Ibo culture, the sons of a man inherit all of his things when he dies, but for Okonkwo that was nothing. Okonkwo’s father did nothing and was viewed as a very disgraceful man in the society, so all Okonkwo inherited was shame. He had to start from scratch and build his own huts, his own barn, and start his own farm. Furthermore, he had to be a successful man in order to obtain the yams seeds to plant in his farm because no one would give them to a man that would not make anything out of them. His path to his current position was not easy at all. In the novel, the idea of wrestling with powerful forces comes up often, especially for Okonkwo throughout his life on his journey of trying to become the most famo us and fiercest warrior of the clan. Initially, Okonkwo is shown wrestling literally with other people to gain fame building his character in both a positive and negative way. Later, he was also shown wrestling figuratively with the culture, his family, and the change the white man brought to the tribe, leading to his eventual downfall. In his first few years as a young adult, Okonkwo made a name for himself in the sport of wrestling, and his career impactedShow MoreRelatedChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 PagesThings fall apart is a classic novel written around the turn of the century, the novel focuses on the protagonist who we can also call a hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo is a wealthy and respected leader within the Igbo tribe of Umuofia in eastern Nigeria. Strong individual with a passionate belief in all the values and traditions of his people. Chinua Achebe presents Okonkwo as a particular kind of tragic protagonist, a great man who carries the fate of his peopl e. Okonkwo is a man who is inflexible andRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1033 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Chinua Achebe is a famous Nigerian novelist in worldwide. Things fall apart is Chinua Achebe’s first novel published in 1958, the year after Ghana became the first African nation to gain independence. And this novel is one of the first African novels to gain worldwide recognition. (Phil Mongredien, 2010) This novel presents people a story of an African Igbo tribal hero, Okonkwo, from his growth to death. The fate of Okonkwo also indicates the fate of Africa caused by the colonizationRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart883 Words   |  4 Pagesdehumanize the native population and convince themselves that they are helping. Chinua Achebe’s book Things Fall Apart attempts to correct these misguided views of African societies by portraying a more complex culture that values peace, and the art of conversation. Achebe also tries to portray the idea that not all European people they come in contact with are aggressive, and misconstrued in their view of the African societ ies. Achebe tries to show us the value of his society through repeated views into conversationsRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1410 Words   |  6 PagesTeddy Manfre Ms. Blass ENG 209-001 April 24, 2017 Things Fall Apart In 1958, Chinua Achebe a famous Nigerian author publishes one of his most famous novels Things Fall Apart. The novel takes place in a Nigerian village called Umuofia. During the time that this novel is published Nigeria is being criticized by the Europeans for being uncivilized. In response, Achebe uses his brilliance in this novel to express the valued history of his people to his audience. His focus in the novel is on the pre-colonizedRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1015 Words   |  5 PagesIn his novel Things Fall Apart, author Chinua Achebe utilizes his distinctive writing style in order to accurately capture the culture and customs of the Igbo people despite writing his story in a foreign language. Five aspects of Achebe’s style that make his writing unique is the straightforward diction present in dialogue, the inclusion of native parables convey Igbo life authentically, the inclusion of native Igbo words and phrases, detailed descriptions of nature and the usage of figurative languageRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1702 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: Things Fall Apart Biographical information about the author: Chinua Achebe was born in Nigeria in 1930. He had an early career as a radio host, and later became the Senior Research Fellow at the University of Nigeria. After moving to America, he became an English professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Achebe has won numerous awards for his poetry and fiction, including the Man Booker prize and Commonwealth Poetry Price. He currently teaches at Bard College. Author: Chinua AchebeRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesCulture is an Important Element of Society Chinua Achebe is the author of when Things Fall Apart while Joseph Conrad authored Heart of Darkness. Conrad and Achebe set their individual titles in Africa; Achebe is an African writer whereas Conrad is Polish-British. The authors draw strength from their backgrounds to validity the authenticity of their fictional novels. Conrad writes from his experiences in the British and French navies while Achebe uses his African heritage. The theme of culture isRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1248 Words   |  5 PagesChris Lowndes Ms. Cook A.P.L.C. 21 October 2015 We Are Family: Hardships in One s Family in Things Fall Apart Specific attributes correlate with each other to help create or not create the ideal strong family. However, through those attributes arise conflicts and major disputes. This issue of trying to achieve and create a strong family is of immense importance in one’s life, especially in Chinua Achebe’s, Things Fall Apart, a milestone in African literature. For instance, the father leaves his legacyRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagescertain degree of the priest class, libation, holidays, creation stories, divine systems of punishments and rewards. In the novel, Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a story of tragic fall of a protagonist and the Igbo culture. Achebe demonstrates different examples and situations of where an African culture, in the instances of tribal religions, did certain things because of their tradition is and the way they developed into. African cultures pondered life mysteries and articulated theirRead Mo reChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1314 Words   |  6 PagesChinua Achebe masterpiece â€Å"Things Fall Apart† (1959) is the classic story of Okonkwo, a young man who strives to be revered by his village and family but because of his own internal character flaws meets his own demise. In the Igbo culture, family traditions are an important narrative throughout the novel. Okonkwo, the protagonist character of this story, begins with many attributes of what would be concluded as a hero with his cultural society. He is hard working, a material provider, feared and

Convergence of Corporate Social Responsibility †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Convergence of Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction: There are two issues present in the case of the Cassimatis. The issues are as follows: whether the alleged Storm Company had breached any provisions of the Corporation Act 2001 or not. whether the Directors of the company had complied every duty regarding the Corporation Act or not. It is to be clarify that Corporation Act is regulated the provisions of the company related matters in Australia. Under the Act, numerous provisions are engraved that are pointing out the liabilities of the directors in a company. There are certain conditions regarding the directors duties are mentioned under section 180 of the said Act. In the present case, these issues are raised regarding the violation of those duties and necessary consequences of it. Topic of the case is based on certain provision of the Corporation Act 2001[1]. The subject matter of the case is based on the directors duty towards the stakeholders. Rules regarding the same have been mentioned under the provision of section 180 of the said Act[2]. There are certain sub-sections are included. As per section 180 (1) of the Act, a director of a company must show necessary diligence while performing his duties and he owes care to the shareholders and the other stakeholders[3]. In ASIC v Adler, certain principles of the Corporation Act has been stated and a detailed version regarding the relevant sections have been mentioned[4]. In the case, there was a breach made by the Director of the company took place. The sections related to the case were section 9, section 180, section 180 (1), section 182, section 182 (2) and section 183 of the Corporation Act 2001. The meaning of the term care includes the reasonable supervision on the shareholders in case of all circumstances . The applicability of the section in this case is wide in nature. Reasonable supervision means he is not allowed to take any steps that is wrong in nature or to feather his own nest. The director of a company should not hide any facts from the shareholders or other stakeholders. Under section 184 of the Corporation Act, it has been stated that the directors should have to perform their duties in good faith. There shall be no bad intention or ulterior motive behind the acts of the directors. It is not expected from the director of the company to misuse the post to earn benefits. In Corporation Act, there is a provision regarding section 1041H has been mentioned that states the liability of the director in the finance sector. In ASIC v FMG (2011) 190 FCR 370, it was held that the director should not deceive the shareholders to gain certain privileges in the financial service sector[5]. It is mentioned under the section that if any person violate the principle laid down under the subsection, provision of the civil liability will be applicable on him and he will be prosecuted under the provision of section 1041I of the Corporation Act 2001[6]. Certain pecuniary penalties will be imposed on the directors under section 674 (2) of the said Act. According to the wise interpretation of section 180 of the Act states that the provision is also applicable on the sole directors of a company so that they could not use the same as an excuse[7]. The reason behind the enactment is to secure the interest of the shareholders. It is duty of the director to disclose all necessary information related to the company as well as the risks of the company to shareholders and other interested person. In ASIC v Macdonald [2009] MelbULawRw 34, it was observed by the Supreme Court if the allegation against a director regarding non-disclosure of necessary documents has been proved, he should be liable under section 180 of the Corporation Act 2001[8]. However, amount of loss is not mandatory in this case. In ASIC v Hellicar Ors [2012] HCA 17, it was held that the liabilities of section 180 are not comprised of certain statutory duties only. Provision of section 945A of the Act is applicable in this case to certain extent. However, the section has b een repealed now. In Australia, there are number of cases pending regarding the company matters[9]. As it is a business country, company matters are placing in a most important position. There are number of cases where the various provisions of the Corporation Act prevail by the decision of the courts[10]. The present case is one the most important cases in this regard where the provision of directors duty enlarged and the relevant sections are interpreted and applied. The brief summary of the case is that Mr. Mrs. Cassimates were the sole director of the Storm company and published a scheme that attracts the creditors to invest in this. However, he had failed to inform them about the risks of such investment and a number of shareholders were invested their money in the fund. According to Australian Security and Investigation commission, the whole project was drowned due to certain financial crisis and a serious break down occurred in the company[11]. All the investors had faced a lot of trouble and the directors were held liable under section 180 of the Corporation Act for breach of directors duty. Another allegation made against the directors that they had not abided by all the provisions that should be maintained by the director while performing their job. It was stated by the ASIC that Mr. Cassimates wanted to gain certain benefits from the Storm project and that is why he had convened the investors to invest money in it. The problem arises as he had not inquire into the matter related to the background of the shareholders and did not even stated about the risks that may take place in this regard[12]. The shareholders had invested their money in it with a hope to gain some profit as the company was a reputed company in the financial sector. As per the principle laid down under the case of ASIC v FMG (2011) 190 FCR 370, a director must know about the potential risks regarding the financial investment and it is his duty to inform the shareholders regarding the same[13]. If he fails to perform the duties, he shall be held liable for the breach of Directors duties. As per the judgment made in ASIC v Macdonald [2009] MelbULawRw 34, it can be stated that the directors of the Storm Company had failed to disclose necessary documents to the sh areholders and after the break down, they had not shown possible care to them. There was no step had been taken by them to refund the invested money and the effect of the act was detrimental in nature. On the other hand, the directors of the company had expressed their view regarding the exception of section 180 of the Corporation Act by stating the various aspects of the sections and its applicability. It has been stated by them that they will not be liable under section 180 as the section is not deal with the sole directors. It has been stated by them that risks are the inevitable part of the financial business. It is common in nature and there is no necessity to let the investors know about it. They knew the facts when they are investing their money in the project. Therefore, the allegation made against by them was vague in nature and they shall not be prosecuted under the provision of the Corporation Act 2001. However, in this case, there were many scopes to identify the various provision of the Corporation Act 2001. The learned court had made an attempt to interpreted the relevant provisions of the Corporation Act 2001 by citing many cases regarding the matter[14]. The precedents of the cases were enlightened the provisions of the case too. It was observed by the Court that the main objective of section 180 is that the directors should have to show minimum care to the shareholders and there was no provision regarding the specific classes of directors[15]. Here the rules are applicable on every director including the sole directors. As per the allegation made by ASIC and the evidences presented before the court ion this regard, it can be stated that Mr. Mrs. Cassimates had failed to perform their duties properly and had failed to show sufficient care to the shareholders. They had failed to make a balance between the risks and had failed to narrate the same to the investors. It is an excus e that the investors must know about the risk of the investment. It is the duty of him to state about the facts to the shareholders. As regards the other allegation, there were sufficient prove regarding the fact that the directors of the company had failed to meet the requirements of the Corporation Act and did not tried to make an inquiry about the background of the investors. It had been stated during the cross examination that the shareholders had to face serious mishap regarding the break down and many of them became insolvent. However, there were the directors of the company regarding the beneficiary of the shareholders had taken no attempt[16]. Therefore, the case can be concluded with the facts that there were every evidences present against the directors of the company and regarding the violation of the necessary provision of the Corporation Act 2001. The violated provisions were section 180(1), section 182, and section 183 of the Corporation Act. Good faith had also not maintained by the directors of the company. The court was pleased to held the directors of the company liable for the misconduct. The second question is based on the proprietary company. Under the Corporation Act, there are number of provisions made regarding the rules of the company. It is a common rules regarding the proprietary company is that every partners of the company can be the directors as well as the shareholders of the company and their activities will be regulated by the constitution of the company[17]. The rules laid down under the constitution will be applied on them and if there is any changes required regarding the constitution, the same can be done as per the rules mentioned under the Corporation Act. The constitution of the company can be changed by way of special resolution where there is a need of 755 of votes as against the same. The constitution works as a communication between the directors and the shareholders. Therefore, in case of the voting content, both the directors and the shareholders are taking part in it[18]. Section 201H of the Corporation act deals with the appointment process of the directors of a proprietary company. It has been stated under the section that the directors must meet the resolution process regarding the same and the other directors here can appoint any of the director[19]. The notice of the appointment should be served within two months. Once a director is appointed, there are certain rules regarding his removal from the post have been stated. The Corporation Act has stated certain strict provisions regarding the norms of a proprietary company. It has been stated under the rule that the director of a proprietary company can be removed from his post according to the provision stated in the constitution of the company. In the present case, it can be observed that the clause 9k prescribed certain procedures regarding the removal of the directors of the company. The other directors of the company had decided to remove Kanye from his post of directorship. It should be mentio ned in this regard that the other directors of the company can remove him if there is any express provision mentioned under the constitution regarding the power of the directors to do so. Corporation Act deals with the removal of directors of a proprietary company under the provision of the Section 203C. However, there is a provision mentioned under the constitution of the company that if during the removal process, all the requirements are not maintained, the same can be violated the rules of the natural justice and could attract the provision of the unfair dismissal law. Under section 229H(1) of the Corporation Act has stated the voting system of the shareholders regarding the removal of the directors by way of an extraordinary general meeting. A notice should have been served under section 203D(2) of the Corporation Act. As per the contention of section 249A of the said Act, all the consenting shareholders and the directors should sign the notice. However, kanye was removed from his post without maintaining all these rules and therefore, there is a scope for him to take necessary steps regarding the same as against the directors and the consenting members as a whole. It is necessary to state that the directors of a proprietary company can be removed from his post if the ASIC form 484 has been filled up properly in this regard. However, there is no mention about the fact that the same rule has been followed in the case of Kanye. It has been stated earlier that the every director of the proprietary company has certain shares in the company. These rights over the shares cannot be terminated for the facts that he is no longer a director of the company[20]. Therefore, if there is any attempt made regarding depriving Kanye from the rights that are accrued by him regarding the shares, the same will be treated as illegal in nature. The share interest of the directors is mentioned under section 196 of the Corporation Act 2001. If there is a violation regarding the same can be made, Kanye has all the rights to claim damage from the other directors of the company. The second part of the question is based on the provision of the directors duty. In Corporation Act, there are certain provision regarding the breach of directors duties is mentioned. It is mentioned that the director of a company should show certain diligence not only towards the shareholders, but to the other directors of the company too. The word diligence means the persistent effort[21]. Every director of a company shall be under the liability of certain facts that are particularly mentioned in the several provisions of the Corporation Act. Every director should be under an obligation of section 181 of the Corporation Act. Director holds an important part in case of the internal proceeding of a company. Therefore, it is their duty to maintain a good communication link in between the shareholders and the other staff. Therefore, good faith is necessary regarding the same. In case of the Koala Pty Ltd, there is a lack regarding the requirements of these rules have been observed. As per the statements of the case, there is an applicability of the principles stated under section 182 and section 183 has been observed[22]. It has been mentioned under section 182 of the Corporation Act that should not misuse his position at any cost and should maintain the good faith criteria regarding the interest of the office. The composition of a company is inter-related to each other, and it is the duty of the members of the company to look into the matters carefully so that there shall not be any breach take place. During the office work, a director should not misbehave with the other directors and should not do anything that can affect the interest of the company. The directors are the part of the company and they should act diligently while dealing with the affairs of the company[23]. In the present case, two of the directors of the company, Keith and Kylie decided to incorporate another company and the business nature of such company will be similar in nature. It has also been decided by them that none of the other two directors of the present company be the member or director of the company. There is a scope regarding the violation of section 182 of the Corporation Act observed. The relevant provision of the Corporation Act has stated that the director of a company needs to disclose all the relevant facts and the documents to the other co-directors. In the present case, there is a tendency regarding the hiding of the facts to incorporated similar kinds of company by Kieth and Kylie observed and it has also been stated that the duo directors were planned to avoid other two directors of the company. According to the provision of section 183 of the Corporation Act, a director of a company should not gain unnecessary advantage during the performance of duties. It is their duties to avoid any such work, where the interest of the company is directly involved. 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