Edgar Allan Poe s Tales Of Mystery And Horror - 2549 Words

The Raven Explained Mrs Rozman Troy Hedden ENG 4U June 8 2015 Born January 19, 1809, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. American short-story writer, poet, critic, and editor Edgar Allan Poe s tales of mystery and horror initiated the modern detective story, and the atmosphere in his tales of horror is unrivaled in American fiction. His The Raven (1845) numbers among the best-known poems in national literature, The name Poe brings to mind images of murderers as well as madmen, burials of the premature kind, and mysterious women who have return from death . His works have been in print since early 1827 and included such classics as â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† â€Å"The Raven,† and â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher.† This writer’s queue includes short†¦show more content†¦Romanticism in literature was a rejection of many of the values movements such as the Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution held as paramount. For Poe and the writing of the raven was none out of the ordinary for himself as most wo rks that he had produced at the time had a dark theme usually revolving around the death of a loved one as well as never seeing them again. Throughout his life, Poe faced problems of failed honor and insanity—issues that paradoxically help to account for a literary authority that established precedents and patterns of literature in his home region—and even beyond the South itself. Whether fully conscious of his aims, Poe found ways to deal imaginatively with the inexpressible, the horrors that the mind can conjure, and the dark side of experience—without revealing any more of the inner torture than he wished to convey to his readership. â€Å" (http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/) what the meaning of this is that Poes life was quite hard and this reflected on how he wrote as well as how he felt of the time that he had lived in.in two of his other works The Fall of the House of Usher and The Tell-Tale Heart some of Poes more dark and dreary stories often posses sed a theme of death and sadness that evoked him in his

Chinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay - 1319 Words

Ivan Rozhkov Mrs. Ruffner Honors English 9 11-21-16 A person does not obtain strength with an easy and perfect past. Experiences of hardships are the things in life that force a person to change in order to survive. In Chinua Achebe’s novel Things Fall Apart, this especially applies to one character - Okonkwo. In the Ibo culture, the sons of a man inherit all of his things when he dies, but for Okonkwo that was nothing. Okonkwo’s father did nothing and was viewed as a very disgraceful man in the society, so all Okonkwo inherited was shame. He had to start from scratch and build his own huts, his own barn, and start his own farm. Furthermore, he had to be a successful man in order to obtain the yams seeds to plant in his farm because no one would give them to a man that would not make anything out of them. His path to his current position was not easy at all. In the novel, the idea of wrestling with powerful forces comes up often, especially for Okonkwo throughout his life on his journey of trying to become the most famo us and fiercest warrior of the clan. Initially, Okonkwo is shown wrestling literally with other people to gain fame building his character in both a positive and negative way. Later, he was also shown wrestling figuratively with the culture, his family, and the change the white man brought to the tribe, leading to his eventual downfall. In his first few years as a young adult, Okonkwo made a name for himself in the sport of wrestling, and his career impactedShow MoreRelatedChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 PagesThings fall apart is a classic novel written around the turn of the century, the novel focuses on the protagonist who we can also call a hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo is a wealthy and respected leader within the Igbo tribe of Umuofia in eastern Nigeria. Strong individual with a passionate belief in all the values and traditions of his people. Chinua Achebe presents Okonkwo as a particular kind of tragic protagonist, a great man who carries the fate of his peopl e. Okonkwo is a man who is inflexible andRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1033 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Chinua Achebe is a famous Nigerian novelist in worldwide. Things fall apart is Chinua Achebe’s first novel published in 1958, the year after Ghana became the first African nation to gain independence. And this novel is one of the first African novels to gain worldwide recognition. (Phil Mongredien, 2010) This novel presents people a story of an African Igbo tribal hero, Okonkwo, from his growth to death. The fate of Okonkwo also indicates the fate of Africa caused by the colonizationRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart883 Words   |  4 Pagesdehumanize the native population and convince themselves that they are helping. Chinua Achebe’s book Things Fall Apart attempts to correct these misguided views of African societies by portraying a more complex culture that values peace, and the art of conversation. Achebe also tries to portray the idea that not all European people they come in contact with are aggressive, and misconstrued in their view of the African societ ies. Achebe tries to show us the value of his society through repeated views into conversationsRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1410 Words   |  6 PagesTeddy Manfre Ms. Blass ENG 209-001 April 24, 2017 Things Fall Apart In 1958, Chinua Achebe a famous Nigerian author publishes one of his most famous novels Things Fall Apart. The novel takes place in a Nigerian village called Umuofia. During the time that this novel is published Nigeria is being criticized by the Europeans for being uncivilized. In response, Achebe uses his brilliance in this novel to express the valued history of his people to his audience. His focus in the novel is on the pre-colonizedRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1015 Words   |  5 PagesIn his novel Things Fall Apart, author Chinua Achebe utilizes his distinctive writing style in order to accurately capture the culture and customs of the Igbo people despite writing his story in a foreign language. Five aspects of Achebe’s style that make his writing unique is the straightforward diction present in dialogue, the inclusion of native parables convey Igbo life authentically, the inclusion of native Igbo words and phrases, detailed descriptions of nature and the usage of figurative languageRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1702 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: Things Fall Apart Biographical information about the author: Chinua Achebe was born in Nigeria in 1930. He had an early career as a radio host, and later became the Senior Research Fellow at the University of Nigeria. After moving to America, he became an English professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Achebe has won numerous awards for his poetry and fiction, including the Man Booker prize and Commonwealth Poetry Price. He currently teaches at Bard College. Author: Chinua AchebeRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesCulture is an Important Element of Society Chinua Achebe is the author of when Things Fall Apart while Joseph Conrad authored Heart of Darkness. Conrad and Achebe set their individual titles in Africa; Achebe is an African writer whereas Conrad is Polish-British. The authors draw strength from their backgrounds to validity the authenticity of their fictional novels. Conrad writes from his experiences in the British and French navies while Achebe uses his African heritage. The theme of culture isRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1248 Words   |  5 PagesChris Lowndes Ms. Cook A.P.L.C. 21 October 2015 We Are Family: Hardships in One s Family in Things Fall Apart Specific attributes correlate with each other to help create or not create the ideal strong family. However, through those attributes arise conflicts and major disputes. This issue of trying to achieve and create a strong family is of immense importance in one’s life, especially in Chinua Achebe’s, Things Fall Apart, a milestone in African literature. For instance, the father leaves his legacyRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagescertain degree of the priest class, libation, holidays, creation stories, divine systems of punishments and rewards. In the novel, Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a story of tragic fall of a protagonist and the Igbo culture. Achebe demonstrates different examples and situations of where an African culture, in the instances of tribal religions, did certain things because of their tradition is and the way they developed into. African cultures pondered life mysteries and articulated theirRead Mo reChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1314 Words   |  6 PagesChinua Achebe masterpiece â€Å"Things Fall Apart† (1959) is the classic story of Okonkwo, a young man who strives to be revered by his village and family but because of his own internal character flaws meets his own demise. In the Igbo culture, family traditions are an important narrative throughout the novel. Okonkwo, the protagonist character of this story, begins with many attributes of what would be concluded as a hero with his cultural society. He is hard working, a material provider, feared and

Convergence of Corporate Social Responsibility †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Convergence of Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction: There are two issues present in the case of the Cassimatis. The issues are as follows: whether the alleged Storm Company had breached any provisions of the Corporation Act 2001 or not. whether the Directors of the company had complied every duty regarding the Corporation Act or not. It is to be clarify that Corporation Act is regulated the provisions of the company related matters in Australia. Under the Act, numerous provisions are engraved that are pointing out the liabilities of the directors in a company. There are certain conditions regarding the directors duties are mentioned under section 180 of the said Act. In the present case, these issues are raised regarding the violation of those duties and necessary consequences of it. Topic of the case is based on certain provision of the Corporation Act 2001[1]. The subject matter of the case is based on the directors duty towards the stakeholders. Rules regarding the same have been mentioned under the provision of section 180 of the said Act[2]. There are certain sub-sections are included. As per section 180 (1) of the Act, a director of a company must show necessary diligence while performing his duties and he owes care to the shareholders and the other stakeholders[3]. In ASIC v Adler, certain principles of the Corporation Act has been stated and a detailed version regarding the relevant sections have been mentioned[4]. In the case, there was a breach made by the Director of the company took place. The sections related to the case were section 9, section 180, section 180 (1), section 182, section 182 (2) and section 183 of the Corporation Act 2001. The meaning of the term care includes the reasonable supervision on the shareholders in case of all circumstances . The applicability of the section in this case is wide in nature. Reasonable supervision means he is not allowed to take any steps that is wrong in nature or to feather his own nest. The director of a company should not hide any facts from the shareholders or other stakeholders. Under section 184 of the Corporation Act, it has been stated that the directors should have to perform their duties in good faith. There shall be no bad intention or ulterior motive behind the acts of the directors. It is not expected from the director of the company to misuse the post to earn benefits. In Corporation Act, there is a provision regarding section 1041H has been mentioned that states the liability of the director in the finance sector. In ASIC v FMG (2011) 190 FCR 370, it was held that the director should not deceive the shareholders to gain certain privileges in the financial service sector[5]. It is mentioned under the section that if any person violate the principle laid down under the subsection, provision of the civil liability will be applicable on him and he will be prosecuted under the provision of section 1041I of the Corporation Act 2001[6]. Certain pecuniary penalties will be imposed on the directors under section 674 (2) of the said Act. According to the wise interpretation of section 180 of the Act states that the provision is also applicable on the sole directors of a company so that they could not use the same as an excuse[7]. The reason behind the enactment is to secure the interest of the shareholders. It is duty of the director to disclose all necessary information related to the company as well as the risks of the company to shareholders and other interested person. In ASIC v Macdonald [2009] MelbULawRw 34, it was observed by the Supreme Court if the allegation against a director regarding non-disclosure of necessary documents has been proved, he should be liable under section 180 of the Corporation Act 2001[8]. However, amount of loss is not mandatory in this case. In ASIC v Hellicar Ors [2012] HCA 17, it was held that the liabilities of section 180 are not comprised of certain statutory duties only. Provision of section 945A of the Act is applicable in this case to certain extent. However, the section has b een repealed now. In Australia, there are number of cases pending regarding the company matters[9]. As it is a business country, company matters are placing in a most important position. There are number of cases where the various provisions of the Corporation Act prevail by the decision of the courts[10]. The present case is one the most important cases in this regard where the provision of directors duty enlarged and the relevant sections are interpreted and applied. The brief summary of the case is that Mr. Mrs. Cassimates were the sole director of the Storm company and published a scheme that attracts the creditors to invest in this. However, he had failed to inform them about the risks of such investment and a number of shareholders were invested their money in the fund. According to Australian Security and Investigation commission, the whole project was drowned due to certain financial crisis and a serious break down occurred in the company[11]. All the investors had faced a lot of trouble and the directors were held liable under section 180 of the Corporation Act for breach of directors duty. Another allegation made against the directors that they had not abided by all the provisions that should be maintained by the director while performing their job. It was stated by the ASIC that Mr. Cassimates wanted to gain certain benefits from the Storm project and that is why he had convened the investors to invest money in it. The problem arises as he had not inquire into the matter related to the background of the shareholders and did not even stated about the risks that may take place in this regard[12]. The shareholders had invested their money in it with a hope to gain some profit as the company was a reputed company in the financial sector. As per the principle laid down under the case of ASIC v FMG (2011) 190 FCR 370, a director must know about the potential risks regarding the financial investment and it is his duty to inform the shareholders regarding the same[13]. If he fails to perform the duties, he shall be held liable for the breach of Directors duties. As per the judgment made in ASIC v Macdonald [2009] MelbULawRw 34, it can be stated that the directors of the Storm Company had failed to disclose necessary documents to the sh areholders and after the break down, they had not shown possible care to them. There was no step had been taken by them to refund the invested money and the effect of the act was detrimental in nature. On the other hand, the directors of the company had expressed their view regarding the exception of section 180 of the Corporation Act by stating the various aspects of the sections and its applicability. It has been stated by them that they will not be liable under section 180 as the section is not deal with the sole directors. It has been stated by them that risks are the inevitable part of the financial business. It is common in nature and there is no necessity to let the investors know about it. They knew the facts when they are investing their money in the project. Therefore, the allegation made against by them was vague in nature and they shall not be prosecuted under the provision of the Corporation Act 2001. However, in this case, there were many scopes to identify the various provision of the Corporation Act 2001. The learned court had made an attempt to interpreted the relevant provisions of the Corporation Act 2001 by citing many cases regarding the matter[14]. The precedents of the cases were enlightened the provisions of the case too. It was observed by the Court that the main objective of section 180 is that the directors should have to show minimum care to the shareholders and there was no provision regarding the specific classes of directors[15]. Here the rules are applicable on every director including the sole directors. As per the allegation made by ASIC and the evidences presented before the court ion this regard, it can be stated that Mr. Mrs. Cassimates had failed to perform their duties properly and had failed to show sufficient care to the shareholders. They had failed to make a balance between the risks and had failed to narrate the same to the investors. It is an excus e that the investors must know about the risk of the investment. It is the duty of him to state about the facts to the shareholders. As regards the other allegation, there were sufficient prove regarding the fact that the directors of the company had failed to meet the requirements of the Corporation Act and did not tried to make an inquiry about the background of the investors. It had been stated during the cross examination that the shareholders had to face serious mishap regarding the break down and many of them became insolvent. However, there were the directors of the company regarding the beneficiary of the shareholders had taken no attempt[16]. Therefore, the case can be concluded with the facts that there were every evidences present against the directors of the company and regarding the violation of the necessary provision of the Corporation Act 2001. The violated provisions were section 180(1), section 182, and section 183 of the Corporation Act. Good faith had also not maintained by the directors of the company. The court was pleased to held the directors of the company liable for the misconduct. The second question is based on the proprietary company. Under the Corporation Act, there are number of provisions made regarding the rules of the company. It is a common rules regarding the proprietary company is that every partners of the company can be the directors as well as the shareholders of the company and their activities will be regulated by the constitution of the company[17]. The rules laid down under the constitution will be applied on them and if there is any changes required regarding the constitution, the same can be done as per the rules mentioned under the Corporation Act. The constitution of the company can be changed by way of special resolution where there is a need of 755 of votes as against the same. The constitution works as a communication between the directors and the shareholders. Therefore, in case of the voting content, both the directors and the shareholders are taking part in it[18]. Section 201H of the Corporation act deals with the appointment process of the directors of a proprietary company. It has been stated under the section that the directors must meet the resolution process regarding the same and the other directors here can appoint any of the director[19]. The notice of the appointment should be served within two months. Once a director is appointed, there are certain rules regarding his removal from the post have been stated. The Corporation Act has stated certain strict provisions regarding the norms of a proprietary company. It has been stated under the rule that the director of a proprietary company can be removed from his post according to the provision stated in the constitution of the company. In the present case, it can be observed that the clause 9k prescribed certain procedures regarding the removal of the directors of the company. The other directors of the company had decided to remove Kanye from his post of directorship. It should be mentio ned in this regard that the other directors of the company can remove him if there is any express provision mentioned under the constitution regarding the power of the directors to do so. Corporation Act deals with the removal of directors of a proprietary company under the provision of the Section 203C. However, there is a provision mentioned under the constitution of the company that if during the removal process, all the requirements are not maintained, the same can be violated the rules of the natural justice and could attract the provision of the unfair dismissal law. Under section 229H(1) of the Corporation Act has stated the voting system of the shareholders regarding the removal of the directors by way of an extraordinary general meeting. A notice should have been served under section 203D(2) of the Corporation Act. As per the contention of section 249A of the said Act, all the consenting shareholders and the directors should sign the notice. However, kanye was removed from his post without maintaining all these rules and therefore, there is a scope for him to take necessary steps regarding the same as against the directors and the consenting members as a whole. It is necessary to state that the directors of a proprietary company can be removed from his post if the ASIC form 484 has been filled up properly in this regard. However, there is no mention about the fact that the same rule has been followed in the case of Kanye. It has been stated earlier that the every director of the proprietary company has certain shares in the company. These rights over the shares cannot be terminated for the facts that he is no longer a director of the company[20]. Therefore, if there is any attempt made regarding depriving Kanye from the rights that are accrued by him regarding the shares, the same will be treated as illegal in nature. The share interest of the directors is mentioned under section 196 of the Corporation Act 2001. If there is a violation regarding the same can be made, Kanye has all the rights to claim damage from the other directors of the company. The second part of the question is based on the provision of the directors duty. In Corporation Act, there are certain provision regarding the breach of directors duties is mentioned. It is mentioned that the director of a company should show certain diligence not only towards the shareholders, but to the other directors of the company too. The word diligence means the persistent effort[21]. Every director of a company shall be under the liability of certain facts that are particularly mentioned in the several provisions of the Corporation Act. Every director should be under an obligation of section 181 of the Corporation Act. Director holds an important part in case of the internal proceeding of a company. Therefore, it is their duty to maintain a good communication link in between the shareholders and the other staff. Therefore, good faith is necessary regarding the same. In case of the Koala Pty Ltd, there is a lack regarding the requirements of these rules have been observed. As per the statements of the case, there is an applicability of the principles stated under section 182 and section 183 has been observed[22]. It has been mentioned under section 182 of the Corporation Act that should not misuse his position at any cost and should maintain the good faith criteria regarding the interest of the office. The composition of a company is inter-related to each other, and it is the duty of the members of the company to look into the matters carefully so that there shall not be any breach take place. During the office work, a director should not misbehave with the other directors and should not do anything that can affect the interest of the company. The directors are the part of the company and they should act diligently while dealing with the affairs of the company[23]. In the present case, two of the directors of the company, Keith and Kylie decided to incorporate another company and the business nature of such company will be similar in nature. It has also been decided by them that none of the other two directors of the present company be the member or director of the company. There is a scope regarding the violation of section 182 of the Corporation Act observed. The relevant provision of the Corporation Act has stated that the director of a company needs to disclose all the relevant facts and the documents to the other co-directors. In the present case, there is a tendency regarding the hiding of the facts to incorporated similar kinds of company by Kieth and Kylie observed and it has also been stated that the duo directors were planned to avoid other two directors of the company. According to the provision of section 183 of the Corporation Act, a director of a company should not gain unnecessary advantage during the performance of duties. It is their duties to avoid any such work, where the interest of the company is directly involved. However, in the present case, the same situation has been cropped up when both the directors of the company have decided to set up another company without informing the other directors of the company[24]. If there is an allegation brought against the director of a company regarding the violation of the norms of the Corporation Act and the same has been proved, he will be prosecuted under section 1317E of the Corporation Act. Therefore, Khaled and Kylie can bring action against the other directors under the similar provision of the Corporation Act. Reference: Aroney, N., Gerangelos, P., Murray, S., Stellios, J. (2015).The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia: History, Principle and Interpretation. Cambridge University Press. Barnett, H. (2017).Constitutional and administrative law. Taylor Francis. Berk, J., DeMarzo, P., Harford, J., Ford, G., Mollica, V., Finch, N. (2013).Fundamentals of corporate finance. Pearson Higher Education AU. Blair, M. M. (2015). 12. Boards of directors and corporate performance under a team production model.Research Handbook on Shareholder Power, 249. Chia, H. X., Ramsay, I. (2015). Section 1322 as a Response to the Complexity of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). Coffee Jr, J. C., Sale, H., Henderson, M. T. (2015). Securities regulation: Cases and materials. Crane, A., Matten, D. (2016).Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Dawkins, Cedric E. "The principle of good faith: Toward substantive stakeholder engagement."Journal of Business Ethics121.2 (2014): 283-295. Ferran, E., Ho, L. C. (2014).Principles of corporate finance law. Oxford University Press. Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J. (2015).Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Hargovan, A. (2017). Corporate law: Judicial guidance on de facto director liability for insolvent trading.Governance Directions,69(2), 111. Hedges, J., Bird, H. L., Gilligan, G., Godwin, A., Ramsay, I. (2016). An Empirical Analysis of Public Enforcement of Directors Duties in Australia: Preliminary Findings. Keane, A., McKeown, P. (2014).The modern law of evidence. Oxford University Press, USA. Laing, G., Douglas, S., Watt, G. (2015). Aspects of Corporate Delegation, Reliance and Financial Reporting: Lessons from Australian Securities and Investments Commission v. Healey.Canberra L. Rev.,13, 16. Langford, R. T. (2015). Directors' Duties: Conflicts, Proactive Disclosure and S 181 of the Corporations Act. Langford, R. T., Ramsay, I., Welsh, M. A. (2015). The origins of company directors' statutory duty of care. Pearson, G. (2016). Failure in corporate governance: financial planning and greed.Handbook on Corporate Governance in Financial Institutions, 185. Rahim, M. M., Alam, S. (2014). Convergence of corporate social responsibility and corporate governance in weak economies: The case of Bangladesh.Journal of Business Ethics,121(4), 607-620. Roach, L. (2016).Company Law. Oxford University Press. Sealy, L., Worthington, S. (2013).Sealy Worthington's Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. Sime, S., Taylor, M. (2015).Company Law in Practice. Oxford University Press. Starbuck, William H. "Why corporate governance deserves serious and creative thought."The Academy of Management Perspectives28.1 (2014): 15-21. Tills, M., Wills, C. (2016). Corporate law: Directors found guilty of breaching duties following corporation's breaches.Governance Directions,68(10), 624. Tricker, R. B., Tricker, R. I. (2015).Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA.

Welfare Essay Summary Example For Students

Welfare Essay Summary Welfare. Whether you collect it, or you pay for it (and for EVERYworking American does one of the two), most citizens of our country are familiarwith it. Yet as every second of the day passes, more and more of my money andyours is being allotted to this growing epidemic called welfare. The PersonalResponsibility Act, signed by the President, was a monumental change in welfareas we know, or used to know it. The welfare system is still in need or morestrict and stringent policy reform, yet the Personal Responsibility Act was aprodigious step in the right direction. In the past few years, the federal governments and state governmentshave tried to change and improve the welfare system. The Clinton Administrationcampaigned to end welfare as we know it. The Administrations proposal limitsAFDC benefits to two years, during which employment services would be providedto recipients. Nearly 20 welfare reform bills have been introduced in the 103rdCongress. Besides the above mentioned bill, three major proposals were offeredby Republican members: The GOP Leadership Welfare bill, The Real Welfare ReformAct, and The Welfare and Teenage Pregnancy Reduction Act. Now the Republicanshave pulled together a strong and controversial bill on welfare reform. ThePersonal Responsibility Act is an attempt to overhaul the welfare system byputting limits on eligibility and reducing dependency on government. This billaddresses the increasing problem of illegitimacy, requires welfare recipients towork, and caps welfare spending. Current programs will be consolidated, time limits will be placed on benefits and savings are to go to deficit reduction. The bills main thrust is to give states greater control over the benefitsprograms, work programs, and Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)payments and requirements. We will write a custom essay on Welfare Summary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Under the bill, the structure for AFDC payments will drastically change. Mothers under the age of 18 may no longer receive AFDC payments for childrenborn out of wedlock and mothers who are ages 18, 19, and 20 can be prohibited bythe states from receiving AFDC payments and housing benefits. Mothers must alsoestablish paternity to as a condition for receiving AFDC payments, except incases of rape and incest and if the state determines that efforts to establishpaternity would result in physical danger to the mother. The bill requiresstates to establish paternity in ninety percent of their cases. States are alsoencouraged to develop procedures in public hospitals and clinics to determinepaternity and establish legal procedures that help pinpoint paternity in areasonable time period. Also, in order to reduce the amount of time familiesare on welfare, states must begin moving welfare recipients into work programsif they have received welfare for two years. States are given the option todrop families from receiving AFDC benefits after they have received welfare fortwo years if at least one year has been spent in a work program. States mustdrop families from the program after they have received a total of five years ofAFDC benefits. The bill allows states to design their own work programs and determinewho will be required to participate. Welfare recipients must work an average of35 hours a week or enroll in work training programs. By the year 2001, 1.5million AFDC recipients will be required to work. The bill grants greater flexibility to states allowing them to designtheir own work programs and determine who participates in them and can choose toopt out of the current AFDC program by converting their share of AFDC paymentsinto fixed annual block grants. The bill is also designed to diminish the number to teenage pregnanciesand illegitimate births. It prohibits AFDC payments and housing benefits tomothers under age 18 who give birth to out-of-wedlock children. The state hasthe option of extending this prohibition to mothers ages 18, 19, and 20. Thesavings generated from this provision to deny AFDC to minor mothers is returnedto the states in the form of block grants to provide services to help theseyoung mothers who illegitimate children. The state will use the funds forprograms to reduce out of wedlock pregnancies, to promote adoption, to establishand operate orphanages, to establish and operate residential group homes forunwed mothers, or for any purpose the state deems appropriate. None of thefunds may be used for abortion services or abortion counseling. The bill also includes a number of other provisions to reduceillegitimacy. While AFDC is prohibited to mothers ages 17 and younger who havechildren out of wedlock, mothers age 18 who give birth to illegitimate childrenmust live at home in order to receive aid. Mothers already receiving benefitswill not receive an increase if additional children are born out of wedlock. States are allowed to establish their own work training and educationprograms to help recipients move from the welfare program to paid employment assoon as possible. The training programs require recipients to work for anaverage of 35 hours a week or 30 hours a week plus five hours engages in jobsearch activities. One parent in a two parent family is required to work 32hours a week plus eight hours of job searching. As long as states meet the participation requirements, the federalgovernment will not advise other parts of the program. States will design theirown work programs and determine who will be required to participate in them. Part of the participation requirement is requiring a certain number ofrecipients to participate in the job program. Starting in 1996, 100,000 AFDCrecipients will be required to work; in 1997, 200,000 recipients will berequired; in 1998, 400,000 will be required; in 1999 600,000 recipients will berequired; in 2000, 900,000 will be required; and by 2001, 1.5 million recipientswill be required to work. .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a , .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .postImageUrl , .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a , .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a:hover , .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a:visited , .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a:active { border:0!important; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a:active , .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucf9eb0c613ddd949ba487784c2da785a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Yalta Conference EssayIdentified non-parents, usually men, who receive food stamp benefits arerequired to work eight hours a week for those benefits. The bill caps the spending growth of AFDC, SSI and numerous publichousing programs, and the mandatory work program established under the bill. Thecap equals the amount spent the preceding year for these programs with anadjustment for inflation plus growth in poverty population. The entitlementstatus of these programs is ended. The bill also consolidates a number ofnutrition programs into a block grant to states funded in the first year at 95percent of the aggregate amount of the individual programs. Programsconsolidated into the block grant include food stamps, the supplemental feedingprogram, infants, children, and the school lunch and breakfast programs, amongothers. Under the block grant, states will distribute food assistance toeconomically disadvantaged individuals more freely. To further reduce welfare spending, welfare assistance is denied to non-citizens, except refugees over 75 years of age, those lawfully admitted to theU.S., or those who have resided in the U.S. for at least five years. Emergencymedical assistance will continue to be provided to non-citizens. The bill allows states to create their own work programs and determinewho participates in them. States can also opt our of the AFDC program andconvert their AFDC payments into a fixed annual block grant and have the optionto provide new residents AFDC benefits comparable to the level provided in thestate in which they previously resided. To help combat illiteracy, states mayreduce AFDC payments by up to $75 per month to mothers under the age of 21 whohave not completed high school or earned their high school equivalency. Payments may also be reduced if a dependent child does not maintain minimumschool attendance. State adoption agencies are encouraged, under the bill, to decrease theamount of time a child must wait to be adopted. Specifically, the billprohibits states from discriminating on the basis of race, color, or nationalorigin when placing children for adoption. AFDC beneficiaries who the state identifies as addicted to drugs oralcohol must enroll in an addiction treatment program and participate in randomdrug testing in order to continue receiving welfare benefits. The bill is estimated to result in a net savings of approximately $40billion over five years. The denial of welfare to non-citizens saves about $22billion, the cap on welfare spending saves about $18 billion, the nutritionblock grant saves about $11 billion, and the requirement for paternityestablishment saves about $2 billion. The costs included in the bill are $9.9billion for the work program and approximately $2 billion for miscellaneousstate options. OK, personally, I dont see what the big fuss these whiny littledemocrats are making over this bill. You shouldnt be so hard on un-wedteenage mothers. Well, lets think about this one. Theyre unwed, theyreteenage, and theyre mothers. Not a good combination.The majority of womenon welfare had their first child as a teenager. Most of these births now occuroutside of marriage and are unintended. Actually, I dont think that werebeing hard enough. Theyre lucky to receive any benefits at all. If this weremy bill, payments to unwed teens would end altogether. Its ridiculous to havea fifteen year old pregnant and out of school sitting at home sucking upgovernment dough. The government isnt punishing them. Theyve punishedthemselves. If anything the government is giving these kids an incentive to bemore responsible. Welfare is a crutch. And people use it even after theirbroken leg has healed. And what about those who are not legitimately in this country? Thousands upon thousands of immigrants enter this country each year, becausethey know in America, they can receive benefits without even becoming a citizen. This needs to end right now. American citizens hard at work each day should nothave to waste their tax dollars on the illegal Perez family from just over theborder who dont speak a word of English nor contribute any of their money tothis country. Illegal immigrants under no circumstance should receive any moneyof any kind. They do not belong to this country nor do they contribute towardit. As I stated in Congress in Action, I work at Genovese. I make sixty-five dollars a week. I SHOULD be making eighty, but fifteen dollars of my moneyeach week goes to the federal government to give to some illegal family orsingle mother. I pay for this familys clothing. I pay for this familys food. I pay for this familys home. But of course, my fifteen dollars a week is notenough to pay for all of the familys expenses. So you, and your family have topay more money each year so that some other family doesnt have to.Imseventeen years old. I am going to an Ivy League university next year. I cantafford to spend fifteen dollars on some illegal family in Texas or some singleirresponsible mother. And do you know what the tragic part is? This familydoes not give a single dime back to the government. And for illegal immigrants,that same government which gives them millions of OUR dollars a year, doesnteven acknowledge that they exist. Somehow, THAT doesnt sound very fair to me. And in fear or their payments ending, a great number of legal immigrantshave rushed to turn in their applications for U.S. citizenship. At no time inhistory has the number of applicants for U.S. citizenship been so large. In LosAngeles County alone, its quadrupled in just two years. In 94 I think wewere running a bout 75,000 applications a year. Last year, we ran about 175,000,and were looking at about 300,000 this year, says Richard Rogers, who works inthe Los Angeles branch of the Immigration and Naturalization service. Thanks toThe Personal Responsibility Act, hundreds of thousands more non-citizens areapplying to officially be a member of our country, and in turn contributetowards it. Many crybaby liberals believe these harsh laws make non citizensworry about their benefits. Good. If they dont give or do anything FOR ourgovernment, they SHOULD worry if the government decides not to give themanything. That worry is what pushes them to become a part of our nation, and bea REAL, tax paying American citizens. Only until then can they at least expectsome benefits. .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 , .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .postImageUrl , .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 , .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3:hover , .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3:visited , .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3:active { border:0!important; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3:active , .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3 .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u517f2a617428775d9fd7accffd43e0d3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Graduation EssayLimiting AFDC payment by $75 to those who havent completed high schoolor gained a high school equivalency seemed way liberal to me. High school drop-out is one of the big reasons for the enormous about of money welfare consumeseach year. If you dont have at least a high school education, you will find ittough to land a job that will support yourself, let alone a family as well. School keeps kids off of the streets, and out of trouble with drugs, sex andpregnancies- things that will run them right out of school and right onto thewelfare payroll. Democrats love making a big sob story out of welfarevictims. It makes me truly sick. Want to hear a sob story? Me hardly seeingmy family for four years because I was too busy studying, and involving myselfin the school and community, bettering others lives, so that I may improvemyself as a person, go on to a good school, and make a success of myself. Andthe federal government didnt give me a cent. They shouldnt have to. So if Ishouldnt get paid for doing more than what I am have to, or am supposed to do,why should some pregnant, crackhead, sixteen year old girl get paid every weekfor doing what shes NOT supposed to do? Theres a sob story. And spare me the argument that drug addicts are victims deserving asafety net, or that at least their children are. That mentality, inpsychological circles is called enabling-making it possible for chronicallymaladjusted people to indulge their self destructive behavior at the expense ofthemselves and others. What enabling actually does is help destroy the peopleyou ought to be trying to aid. It is irresponsible. Stop and think. You havepeople on welfare who are drug addicts. You give them cash. What do you thinkhappens? They buy drugs. If there is any money left they MAY (1 in a millionchance) use it as intended. If not, they fall back on their main means forscoring. This means stealing or selling their bodies to get more of a fix, orjust to survive and make ends meet. This is how it really is on the streets forthose welfare recipients who are also drug addicts. So why not do them a favorand say you cant be a drug addict and a welfare recipient at the same time. Being an addict does nt necessarily mean you are a complete idiot. Asubstantial percentage of them arent happy about their addictions, but theyneed a big push to break their dependency cycle. The dumbest thing in the worldis to give an addict cash. So why should our welfare system do that in the nameof doing good? Why not make it universally clear that welfare benefits willonly go to people who, among other things, can pass a drug test at the time ofapplication, and at random periods thereafter? Why shouldnt welfare policydiscourage drug addiction?God knows that we cant rely on the President,seeing as how the public has re-elected a man whose first presidency showed adoubling of teen drug use, as well as a leader who admitted to smoking pot andsaid he would do it again. Cutting off welfare to those with a drug addictionhas nothing to do with individual liberties. The individual is free to choosebetween continuing addiction or continuing welfare. And as for the time restraint..why is it even 5 years that they can stayon AFDC? One is quite sufficient. Do you know how long it took me to get myjob at Genovese Five days, not five years! And I am not even out of highschool. It pays above minimum wage, the full time benefits are excellent, thereis not a single reason why welfare recipients could not hold a job such as that. Yet year after year we continue to find them at home waiting for Bob the mailmanto deliver their welfare check. Pathetic. That is the only work to describe it. No, perhaps pathetic and sickening. And are we forgetting something? There exists something called theTENTH AMENDMENT!! Those powers not given to Congress, nor specificallyenumerated, are reserved for the states and respectfully to the people. Thepowers specifically enumerated to Congress are found in Article I Section 8 ofthe Constitution. The only facet of this Article that the most looseconstruction liberal mind MIGHT be able to construe as a reason for increasingwelfare is that The Congress shall have Power to.provide for the commonDefense and general Welfare of the United States. Providing for the generalwelfare of America means ensure that its citizens lives are protected, notspend hundreds of billions of dollars on the welfare system. Welfare is not aresponsibility of the federal government. It is one of the states, orrespectively, the people.. The American voters sent a clear message on thatNovember 8th of 1994. They want to see a positive change in government. Manyof these same voters are pointing a finger at welfare as a perfect example ofbig government at work wasting taxpayer money. Congress was able to pushthrough to legislation that greatly enhances the fight against the welfare trap. Yet it is not the end of the war. There are still several more battles to gountil we may sign a peace treaty.